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The Black Sea Urchin, ''Arbacia lixula'' is a species of Sea Urchin from Europe. == Description == It is a medium-sized sea urchin, characterized by its deep black color and its haemispherical shape. All of its spines are roughly the same size (no "secondary spines"), and worn erected (never dishevelled when in the water). The anus on the top is surrounded by 4 plates forming an anal valve. The oral face is nearly naked, the mouth being surrounded by soft, dark-greenish skin.〔ZIEMSKI Frédéric, ANDRÉ Frédéric, in : DORIS, 15/5/2014 : (Arbacia lixula (Linnaeus, 1758) ).〕 Image:Arbacia lixula 03.JPG|Profile Image:Black Sea Urchin (Arbacia lixula) in Croatia.jpg |Sticking on a rock Image:Sea urchin upside down.JPG|Oral face Image:Arbacia lixula.JPG|''In situ'' This species can be confused with the purple sea urchin ''Paracentrotus lividus'', but the latter is never really black (though often very dark), has more dishevelled spines of many lengths, covers itself with debris, has spines around the mouth, no anal valve, and does not live exposed on the cliffs. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arbacia lixula」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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